Vaporizer for heavy oils



C. c. MANKER. l VAPQRIZERFOR HEAVIIolLs. y APPLICATION FILED AUG. I6, 1917. RENEWED MAY I9, 1920.

Patented-June 22,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' U'ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES CAREYv MANKER, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND lIVIESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO MORLEY-MANKER COMPANY, INCORPORATED, OF -DOVER, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

Specification of Letters Patent. .Patented June 22, 1920,

Application filed August 16,1917, Serial No.`v186,589. Renewed May 19, 1920. Serial 'No 382,687?.`

To all whom, it may concern n Be it known .that I, CHARLES. CAREY MANKER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Pittsburgh, inlthe-countyk of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Vaporizers for Heavy' Oils, of which the following is a specification.

`My invention relates to improvements in devices for vaporizing hydrocarbon oils such as kerosene and the like, and it consists in the combinations, constructions and arrangements herein describedand claimed. j

An object of my invention is to provide a. device which will rapo'rize hydrocarbon y oils and which may be placed on an automobile to furnish the motive fluid for the same.

'A further objectof my invention is to provide a heating device for vaporizing hydrocarbon oils by means of the heat lof the exhaust gases coming from the internal combustion engine of the automobile. with means for aut'.nnaticalliT regulating the heat and hence the quantity of the vaporized products.

A further object of my invention is to provide a device of the type described in which the oil is rapidly and eiiiciently vaporized and mixed with steam, the steam serving a double function. a portion of it uniting chemically with the oil vapor to produce gas and a portion serving' to form a means for eliminating carbon deposits from the interior of the engine.

\ Other objects and advantages willappear in the following specification, and the novel features of the invention will be particularly pointed out 'in the appended claims.

' My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming part of this application, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the gas diaphragm.

Fig. 2 is a section along the line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an end View. of the device shown in Fig. 1, the head beingfremoved. y

In carrying out my invention I provide a cylindrical easing 1, which is closed at one end. vThis casing is covered on the outside with some heat insulating coverin 2 such as asbestos sheeting-or the like. he

thev water jacket of an internal combustion engine. The passageway. 3 communicates at one end with a threaded opening 4, into which the end of the exhaust pipe 5 eX- tends.

The opposite end of the cylindrical casing 1 is provided with an annular flange 1X arranged to receive a cylindrical closure plate 6, suitable packing material 7 being disposed between the plate and the flange. In order to hold this closure plate 6 in position I may provide screws 8.

The casing 1 has a fiange 1y which extends outwardly beyond the edge of the casing and `also forwardly, that is to say, in the direction parallel to the axis of the cylinder. A head 9 is secured to this flange by means of bolts 10, suitable packing 11 being intel'- ing which passage communicates with thepassage 3.

On the, interior of' the cylindrical casing 1 is an4 expansion tube 15, which is made of' copper or other material having a high coefficient of expansion. One end of this tube is fixed in the closed end of the cylinder. The other end is provided with a laterally extending arm '1G which is pivoted at 17X to a lever 18. The fulcrum of the lever 18 is at 19 ou a bracket 20 formed integrally i with the casing 1. A rod 17 having a relatively low eo-eificient of expansion such as a carbon rod is slidably disposed within the tube 15. One end of this rod bears against the lever 18-in a recess 21. The other end of the rod is secured to a valve 22 which is arranged to open and close the threaded opening4.

Surrounding lthe expansion tube 15 is a tube 1S, one end of' this tube being supported by a flange 15x on the tube 15 and the other being secured to a perforated plate The' casing 1 is provided with a number of openings extending from the exterior to the interior, these openings being shown at 24, 25,26r and 27. A valve casingwhich I have denoted in general by V, has ay threaded portion 28, which extends into the opening Q4, for holding the valve casing inrposition. In Fig. 2, I have shown the detail construction ot' this portion of the device. It will be seen, that it comprises a body portion -fl having a cap 3() whicl'ris held to the body portion by means of bolts 3l and a diaphragm 32 is disposed betweeirthe cap and the body portion and is ncumally under the tension ot a spiral spring 33. Secured to the under-side o'l the diaphragm is a slidable valve 3l which is designed to control thel tlow of oil trom an inlet pipe 35 on one side and the fiow ot water Atrom the inlet pipe 36 on the other side. To this end, the valve is provided with passageways 3T on the sides thereof. rThe valve has a cent al longitudinal passageway 38 which attords comn'iunication between the interior ot the .asing l and the space 39 above the diaphragm 32.

The openings 25 and 26 may be closed by screw plugs 25x and' 26X respectively. The

opening 2T communicates with a pipe stil. The oill enters the pipe The water enters into the pipe 3G.

The engine is started by any ordinary means such as by an auxiliary gasolene feeding device, not shown. The heated gases from the exhaust pass through the pipe 5 and in through the space or passageway 3, thence through the passageway` lei out through the pipe hlx. The heat from the exhaust gases is transmitted to a number ot' metal balls JJ, disposed on the interior ot the cylindrical casing, the purpose ot these balls heilig' to rapidly absorb an-d torapidly 'adiate the heat.. The spring 33 holds the valve 34 open so that oil and water are ted into the interior ot the cylinder upon the heated balls 45. The heated oil and water vaporizes and form the gas. This gas passesl out through the pipe 40 to the mixer 4l and thence into the cylinder ot the engine. The gas is laden with steam which tends to keep down the carbon inthe cylinder and to prevent its tormation.

Noni when the pressure of the gas within the gas producer rises to a say trom one to three pounds. this pressure is transmitted to the space 39 above thev diaphragm and causes the valve 34 to close thus shutting ott the iow ot' oil and water. The oil and water which has entered the cylinder is formed into a gas which is used as it iis needed and when the pressure is reduced to a given amount. dia` to the using up ot the gas. then the spring will open the valve 34 and again permit the Yfeeding o'l the oil and water into the interior ot' the cylinder.

'In the d lawings I have shownpipes 35 given amount,

and 36 as leading directly `trom the receivers, but it is obvious that these pipes may have control valves located in any suitable place so as to sluit oli' the How when the engine is not` running.

Then the temperature ot the cylinder and the balls contained therein rises above a certain point, then the thermostatic member operates to close the valve 22 thus shutting ofi' the flow ot the exhaust gases through the passage $3 and allowing the cylinder to cool down. When it has cooled down to a predetermined temperature, then the valve 22 is permitted to open under pressure of the exhausted gases bythe contraction of the tlierinostatic element l5. It will be observed that the copper tube is the main expansion member. The ar angement is such that when the tube expands a given distance the valve is opened a correspondingly greater distance due to the fact that the movement of the tube is multiplied through the lever connection with the rod 17 upon which the valve is located. This multiplication of the elongation ot the tube is effected without a correspondingly greater increase in space.

The device as described may be used for heavier hydrocarbon oils" and the automatic operation' of the device permits its use on automobiles whose owners have littleJ or no knowledge ot'mechanics. The device requires very little attention and is not easily liable to get out ot' order.

I claim i l. In a vaporizcr 'tor heavy oils, a casing having aninlet and an outlet, a valVefor controlling said inlet, a slidable rod secured lto said valve, an expansion tube surroundingY said rod and having an arm, the end ot the expansion tube near the valve being rigidly secured in position, alever pivotally mounted on the opposite end of the casing and having a pivotal connection with the arm at one end. and being in engagement with the rod at the other end.

2. lu a vapori/.er for heavy oils, a cylinder having an inlet and an outlet, a valve lor controlling the inlet,l a slidable rod secured at one cnd to said valve, an expansion tube surrouiuling the said rod. said expansion tube being rigidly secured to the casing near the inlet, the opposite end ot the rod being provided with a laterally extending arm. a,

levei` pivotally mounted on the casing at the opposite end jfrom the inlet and having a` pivotal attachment to said arm. the opposite end ot the lever having a recess arranged to y receive the end ot said slidable rod.

3. In a vaporizer tor heavy oils. a cylindrical casing having a pnisage in its walls for the products4 ol combustion, said casing having an inlet and an outlet. a `valve Ator controlling said inlet. a slidable rod disposed centrally with respect to the casing and being .connected to said valve, an expansion `tube surrounding said slidableV rod and forming a bearing therefor, the end of the expansion tube nearest the valve being secured to the end of the cylinder, the-opposite end of the expansion tube having a laterally extending arm, a lever pivotally mounted on the end of the casing opposite the inlet und having u recess disposed in alinement with the central axis of the sliduble'rod and arranged t0 receive one end of the rod, and 10 u second tube surrounding said expansion tube, said second tube being rigidly secured t0 the cylinder.

CHARLES CAREY MANKER. 

